Surgical drapes are sterile barriers used during medical procedures to create a sterile field, prevent infections, and maintain aseptic conditions. They serve several important purposes:
Primary Uses of Surgical Drapes
Infection Control –
Prevent contamination of the surgical site by microorganisms.
Reduce the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs).
Barrier Protection –
Block fluids (blood, irrigation fluids) from penetrating and contaminating non-sterile areas.
Some drapes are fluid-resistant or impermeable.
Sterile Field Creation –
Define the area where sterile instruments and personnel can operate.
Keep non-sterile surfaces (like the patient’s skin outside the incision site) covered.
Patient Safety –
Protect the patient from potential contaminants.
Help maintain body temperature by covering exposed areas.
Healthcare Worker Protection –
Reduce exposure to blood and bodily fluids.
Types of Surgical Drapes
Disposable Drapes (most common) – Made of non-woven materials (polypropylene, SMS fabric).
Reusable Drapes – Made of tightly woven cotton or polyester, sterilized after each use.
Fenestrated Drapes – Have an opening (fenestration) to expose the surgical site.
Specialty Drapes – Designed for specific procedures (e.g., orthopedic, cardiovascular, or laparoscopic drapes).
Common Applications
General Surgery – Covering the patient while exposing the operative site.
Orthopedic Surgery – Reinforced drapes for high-fluid procedures.
Ophthalmic Surgery – Smaller drapes with adhesive edges.
Cesarean Sections – Designed with fluid collection pouches.